Printed Books of Hours c.1487-1530
in Danish Collections
Books of Hours
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The contents of printed books of hours is a commonly neglected field in the research of the transitional period between late medieval thinking and the rapid developments in mentality, following the implementation of printing.
It is not possible to understand and evaluate the spiritual and artistic contents of the luxurious manuscript book of hours in its last flowering, without knowledge of the interaction between tradition and new invention in the popular printed editions. The impact of the new massproduced pictorial cycles on leading artists was immense, and the variety in the hundreds of editions issued in the short period between 1490 and 1530 is astonishing.
The explosive development in devotional readings during this period has similarities with the globalization in our time. We can speak of a "humanistic globalization", with fascinating controversial tendencies, in a generation of well educated citizens who came to witness both the Reformation and the gradual transformation of renaissance pictorial realism into the emblematic symbolism later favoured by the founders of the Jesuits from 1534.
It is the intention here to provide documentation from sources that otherwise are difficult to access, and therefore have been widely neglected by art historians.
Nowhere else is this development documented with such a convincing clarity than in the printed Books of Hours, the uncontested best-seller of the late medieval trade in books.
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Copenhagen - Det kongelige Bibliotek - The Royal Library
Early Printed Books of Hours
Selected incunabula and prints on vellum in the Royal Library - Department of Manuscripts & Rare Books
- KB Inc. 2014 8° HORAE ad usum Carmelitanum, Arend de Keysere, Ghent 1487-1488 [Kalendarium (Utrecht U.L.)]
(A full reconstruction on basis of the fragments in Cambridge, Copenhagen and Utrecht is in preparation for publication here).
- KB Perg. 10 4° [Inc. 2020] HORAE ad usum Romanum,
pour Anthoine Vérard, Paris 20 Aug. 1490 ("Grandes Heures") Calendar in French (T-Group)
- KB Facs. 10 8° [] HORAE nostre domine ad usum Romanum,
Marcus Reinhard, Kirchheim c.1490/94 [Zwickauer Facsimiledrucke No.22, 1913]
- KB Perg. 11 8° [Inc. 2015] HORAE ad usum Romanum,
Philippe Pigouchet pour Simon Vostre, Paris 1491/92
- KB Perg. 16 8° [Inc. 2016] HORAE ad usum Romanum,
Philippe Pigouchet pour Simon Vostre, Paris 25 Febr. 1497
- KB Perg. 16b 8° [Inc. 2019] HORAE ad usum Romanum,
Etienne Iehannot pour Anthoine Vérard, Paris c.1497 [Lacombe 46]
- KB Perg. 17 4° [Inc. 2017] HORAE ad usum Romanum,
Thielman Kerver, Paris 28 Oct.1498 [Lacombe 70]
- KB Perg. 19 4° [] HORAE ad usum Sarum,
Pro Anthonio Verard, Paris 1503-05 [Macfarlane 232]
Comparative editions:
- British Library C.35.e.4. Same book, printed on paper without painted decoration
- British Library C.41.a.19 HORAE ad usum Sarum, 1506 (Pro Anthonio Verard)
- KB Perg. 20 4° HORAE dive virginis Marie (ad usum Romanum),
Pour Anthoine Vérard, "25 Sept. 1504" [Unrecorded edition, cf. Lacombe 144-145 with different contents, painted woodcuts]
- KB Hortulus animae Strasburg, Johannes Knoblouch 28 Mai 1507
[See also Use of Hortulus animae]
- KB Perg. 24 4° Heures a lusaige de Romme,
Gilles & Germain Hardouin, Paris c.1509 [Illuminated cuts, borders & gilted initials]
[See also Hore de Conceptione]
- KB Perg. 25 4° Heures a lusaige du Mans,
Pigouchet pour Simon Vostre, Paris 1510/11 [Lacombe 215], fine woodcuts without overpainting.
- KB Perg. 26 4° Heures a lusaige de Cleremont,
pour Iehan Petit, Paris c.1510/11 [cf. Lacombe 125, +Transcript of Kalendarium]
- KB Perg. 26b 8° Hore ad usum Romanum, Hore intemerate virginis dei genitricis.
Egidius Hardouin, Paris c.1512 [Illuminated cuts]
- KB Perg. 39 4° Heures a lusaige Dorleans,
Nouvellement imprimees a Paris (Guillaume Godard, c.1520/21) [+Transcript of Kalendarium]
- KB 96,-47 8° Heures a lusaige de Chartres,
Veufue de Thielman Kerver [Yolande Bonhomme], Paris 1526
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© CHD Erik Drigsdahl 1997-2003 (Last update 22/06/2003)