CHD THE BOHUN HOURS
Horæ ad usum Sarum, England c.1370
Copenhagen - The Royal Library - Thott 547 4°

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New 2007: Survey of the Sarum Office of the Dead (all psalms, antiphons and verses in Thott 547 4°)



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Contents:
[Clicking on the folio number will bring you the corresponding facsimile page from the The Royal Library's website in Copenhagen, with possibility to navigate around on your own]

Hours of the Virgin
Ad Matutinum
FolioIncipits and Comments
f.1/Ici comencent les matines nostre dame.
DOmine labia mea aperies. Et os meum annunciabit laudem tuam.
Deus in adiutorium meum intende. Domine ad adiuvandum me festina.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum. Amen. Alleuya.
Invitatorium. Ave maria gracia plena dominus tecum. [Psalmus.]
[Ps.94] Venite exultemus domino: iubilemus deo salutari nostro:
[2] preoccupemus faciem eius in confessione: et in psalmis iubilemus ei. *Ave maria gracia plena dominus tecum.
[3] Quoniam deus magnus dominus: et rex magnus super omnes deos, quoniam non repellit dominus plebem suam [4] quia in manu eius sunt omnes fines terre: et altitudinis moncium ipse // [Initial V3: Arms of the Bohun family]
[*Psalm 94 is the first psalm at matins in every kind of liturgical choir office, not only for the Virgin. The psalm is here, as an exception for the benefit of the Tutorial, transcribed in full, to demonstrate the function of the "Invitatorium", in this case "Ave Maria": it is read between the 5 sections of the psalm. The scribe has indicated the invitatory by using a slightly minor hand, to separate it visually from the text of the psalm. For clarification is it here marked with an asterisk]
f.1* *Initial D6: *The Annunciation
Mary is sitting in a chair to the right, dressed as a queen, reading in a book standing beside her at a lecturn. Before her to the left is the archangel Gabriel kneeling with a scroll: Ave maria gracia. In front on the floor a jug with a lily. To the left of the initial is a woman kneeling in an architectural canopy, representing Mary de Bohun reading her Hours. Her armorial colours are covering the background behind the D. [Compare with the famous picture of Mary of Burgundy in Codex Vindobonensis 1857, painted in Ghent a century later.] In the border around: medaillons (gothic quatrefoils) with angels playing music. To the left in the upper border a typical example of gross medieval humour: A grotesque creature with the head of a bishop!
In the lower border three scenes depicting the Miracle of the Fallen Abbess:
L:*A chapel with low aisle, clearstory, and scale-tiled roof. In its door stands a hermit in cloak with hood, and staff. An angel before him holds a child. The abbess reclines, her head in the lap of the crowned Virgin, on a mound with a tree.,
C:*A group of five nuns headed by the abbess, on whose bosom the bishop, attended as before by two clerks, lays his hand (and finds the accusation baseless).
R:*A bishop in cope and mitre with a boy in surplice behind him and two chaplains or clerks in caps and furred capes, before him three nuns in black habits, the foremost arguing. They are accusing their abbess of unchastity.
f.1v/conspicit. *Dominus tecum.
[5] Quoniam ipsius est mare et ipse fecit illud et aridam fundaverunt manus eius:
[6] Venite adoremus, et procidamus ante deum, ploremus coram domino, qui fecit nos,
[7] quia ipse est dominus deus noster nos autem populus eius et oves pascue eius.
*Ave maria gracia plena dominus tecum.
[8] Hodie si vocem eius audieritis nolite obdurare corda vestra.
[9] Sicut in exacerbacione secundum diem temptacionis in deserto ubi temptaverunt me patres vestri,
probaverunt et viderunt opera mea. *Dominus tecum.
[10] Quadraginta annis proximus fui generacionem hunc et dixi: semper hij errant corde.
[11] Ipsi non cognoverunt vias meas: quibus iuravi in ira mea si introibunt in requiem meam.
*Ave maria gracia plena dominus tecum. Gloria patri et filio et spiritui//
f.2/sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
*Dominus tecum. Ave maria gracia plena dominus tecum.
Ympnus.
Quem terra ponthus, ethera
colunt, adorant, predicant,
trinam regentem machinam,
claustrum marie baiulat.
[2] ¶Cui luna, sol et omnia
deserviunt per tempora,
perfusa celi gratia,
gestant puelle viscera.
[3] ¶Beata mater munere,
cuius supernus artifex
mundum pugillo continens,
ventris sub arca clausus est.
[4] ¶Beata celi nuncio,
fecunda sancto spiritu,
desideratus gentibus
cuius per alvum fusus est.
[5] ¶Gloria tibi domine,
qui natus es de virgine,
cum patre, et sancto spiritu,
in sempiterna secula. Amen.
Ad Nocturnum
[This edition has only one nocturn (for lay readers), with the standard psalms 8, 18 & 23 to be read every day, and not three nocturns (liturgical use) with additional psalms 44, 45, 86 (2nd nocturn) and 95, 96, 97 (3rd nocturn), to be read on certain specified weekdays]
f.2Ant. Benedicta tu. Psalmus. [Ps.8] Domine dominus noster ->>Ex ore infan=// [Before the psalm(s) is the antiphon always indicated by its incipit only. The full text follows after the psalms, in this case on fol.4. To distinguish between the two is the rubric of the incipit abbreviated to "Ant.", where the full text has "Antiphona.", no matter how it is written in the manuscript.]
f.2v/cium et lactencium perfecisti laudem propter inimicos tuos ->[Ps.8 cont.] ->in universa terra.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Psalmus.] [Ps.18] Celi enarrant gloriam dei: et opera manuum eius annunciat firma=//
f.3/mentum. Dies diei ->[Ps.18 cont.]->>Desiderabilia super aurum et lapidem preciosum//
f.3v/multum et dulciora super mel et favum. Etenim servus ->et redemptor meus.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Psalmus.] [Ps.23] Domini est terra ->>nec iuravit //
f.4/in dolo proximo suo. Hic accipiet ->: ipse est rex glorie. Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto.
Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
Antiphona. Benedicta tu in mulieribus et benedictus fructus ventris tui.
V. Sancta dei genitrix virgo semper maria. Intercede pro nobis ad dominum deum nostrum.
Pater noster. Et ne nos inducas in temptacionem. Sed libera nos a malo.
Iube domine benedicere.// [In the following is an asterisk indicating the incipit of textparts repeated as so-called "half-verses".]
f.4v/Alma virgo virginum intercede pro nobis ad dominum. Amen.
Lectio prima. Sancta maria virgo virginum mater et filia regis regum omnium tuum nobis impende solacium ut celestis regni per te mereamur habere premium.
Tu autem domine miserere nostri. Deo gracias.
[Responsorio.] Sancta et immaculata virginitas quibus te laudibus refferam nescio * quia quem celi capere non poterant tuo gremio contulisti.
V. Benedicta tu in mulieribus et benedictus fructus ventris tui.
* Quia quem celi capere non poterant tuo gremio contulisti. Iube domine benedicere.
Ora mente pia pro nobis virgo maria. Amen.
Lectio secunda. Sancta maria piarum piissima intercede pro nobis sanctarum sanctissima
ut per te virgo sumat precamina qui pro nobis natus regnat super ethera.
Ut sua caritate nostra deleantur peccamina. Tu autem domine miserere nostri. Deo //
[The three lessons here were the most popular all over medieval Europe. In spite of the "Deo gratias" are they not quotations from the Bible, and their origin is obscure.]
f.5/gracias. Responsorio. Beata es virgo maria que dominum portasti creatorem mundi, * genuisti qui te fecit et in eternum permanes virgo.
V. Ave maria gracia plena dominus tecum.
* Genuisti qui te fecit et in eternum permanes virgo.
Iube domine benedicere.
Sancta dei gentrix sit nobis auxiliatrix. Amen.
Lectio tercia. Sancta dei genitrix que digne meruisti concipere quem totus orbis nequivit
comprehendere tuo pro interventu culpas nostras ablue ut perhennis sedem glorie per te redempti valeamus scandere
ubi manes cum filio tuo sine tempore. Tu autem domine miserere nostri. Deo gracias.
Responsorio. Felix namque es sacra virgo maria et omni laude dignissima * quia ex te ortus est sol iusticie xpe deus noster.
V. Ora pro populo interveni pro clero intercede pro devoto femineo sexu
senciant omnes tuum levamen quicumque celebrant tuam comme=//
f.5v/moracionem.* Quia ex te ortus est sol iusticie xpe deus noster.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Xpe deus noster. Psalmus.
[Hymnus Ambrosianus] Te deum laudamus: te dominum confitemur. ->>Tu ad liberandum suscepturus//
[The "Te Deum" is not proper for the Hours of the Virgin, or for any particular use. It concludes almost every kind of liturgical office at Matins, except the Office of the Dead]
f.6/hominem non horruisti virginis uterum. ->>non confundar in eternum.
Versiculus. Ora pro nobis sancta dei genitrix. Ut digni efficiamur promissionibus xpi. //
[Matins has no concluding prayer, because Lauds normally were read in immediate continuation without interruption. Exactly as it is prescribed in this place in a modern edition:
"Laudes incipiuntur statim post Te deum cum versu Deus in adiutorium, ut infra. (Officium Parvum B.M.V., Mechliniæ, H. Dessain, 1957, p.23)]

Ad Laudes
f.6vDEus in adiutorium meum intende. Domine ad adiuvandum me festina.
Gloria patri et filio (et filio: dittography) et spiritui sancto.
Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen. Alleuya.
Ant. O admirabile. [Psalmus.]
[Ps.92] Dominus regnavit decorem ->>in longitudinem dierum.//
[Initial D2: Arms of Mary of Bohun. Note the inconsequent size of major initials in the Hours of the Virgin. And in the office of the dead are initials to the psalms enlarged to 4 lines]
f.6v*Initial D6: *The Visitation
Domestic scene, where Elizabeth is visited by Mary in her unusual luxurious bedroom. Mary, dressed as a queen, is entering through the dorway from the left. In the scrolls of the D are placed two coat-of-arms England & France and John of Gaunt, and the square background is filled with the Bohun colours, divided as écartelé
In the lower border four scenes with the story of Theophilus:
Left: *A bishop in cope and mitre attended by two bearded clerks. He speaks to Theophilus, beardless, in cape and robe with one hand in the pocket thereof. This shows Theophilus dismissed from his office.,
Center 1:*Theophilus sits on the ground writing on a parchment with seal attached. Over him stands a bearded Jewish wizard in a tall, loose cap. On right a black devil with upright horns marked with spirals lays a paw on the head of Theophilus.
Center 2:*Theophilus in cape and tunic prays at an alter on which is the image of the crowned Virgin and Child. On either side are riddles, and a canopy is over the image.
Right: *The crowned Virgin facing right birches the crouching devil and hands the parchment and seal to Theophilus kneeling on right.
f.7/Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Psalmus.] [Ps.99] Iubilate deo omnis terra: ->>et generacionem veritas eius. Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto.
Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Psalmus.] [Ps.62] Deus deus meus->>ut viderem virtutem tuam et //
f.7v/gloriam tuam. Quoniam melior est ->quia obstructum est os loquencium iniqua.
[Divisio.]*
[Ps.66] Deus misereatur nostri ->>in omnibus gentibus// *[When two psalms are combined in this way, without Gloria Patri, is the second frequently rubricated as a "Division". The same combination of psalm 62+66 is found here again at Lauds in the Office of the Dead, fol.61v. It is a standard element in the medieval permanent selection of the psalms at Lauds in all Hours of the Virgin: Pss. 92, 99, 62-66, Benedicite, 148 (+149-150).]
f.8/salutare tuum. Confiteantur ->Benedicat nos deus deus noster benedicat nos deus et metuant eum
omnes fines terre. Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Canticum trium puerorum, Dan. 3,57-88+56] Benedicite omnia opera domini ->>Benedicite ignis //
f.8v/et estus domino benedicite frigus et estas domino ->[Canticum trium puerorum, cont.]->>Benedicite spiritus et anime iustorum domino benedicite sancti et//
f.9/humiles corde domino ->et superexaltatus in secula. [*] [Psalmus.]
[Ps.148] Laudate dominum de celis: laudate eum in excelsis.
Laudate eum omnes angeli eius: laudate eum omnes virtutes eius.
Laudate eum sol et luna: laudate eum omnes stelle et lumen.
Laudate eum celi celorum: et aque que super celos sunt laudent nomen domini.
Quia ipse dixit et facta sunt: ipse mandavit et creata sunt.
Statuit ea in eternum et in seculum seculi: preceptum posuit et non preteribit.
Laudate dominum de terra: dracones et omnes abyssi. Ignis grando nix glacies spiritus procellarum // *["Hic non dicitur Gloria Patri" (Officium Parvum B.M.V., Mechliniæ, H. Dessain, 1957, p.28)]
[Psalm 148: Laudate (probably the origin of the term "Laudes", is here transcribed in full, because it has been widely neglected by modern art historians. It is in my opinion one of the major keys to the understanding of Romanesque and Gothic manuscript illumination. Read it carefully, and compare its strong visual language with some of the decorative elements in this manuscript. This short psalm was read EVERY day for centuries by all pious souls, male as well as female]
f.9v/que faciunt verbum eius. Montes et omnes colles: ligna fructifera et omnes cedri.
Bestie et universa pecora: serpentes et volucres pennate. Reges terre et omnes populi:
principes et omnes iudices terre. Iuvenes et virgines senes cum iunioribus laudent nomen domini:
quia exaltatum est nomen eius solius. Confessio eius super celum et terram:
et exaltavit cornu populi sui. Ympnus omnibus sancte eius: filijs israel populo appropinquanti sibi.
[Psalmus.] [Ps.149] Cantate domino canticum novum: laus eius in ecclesia ->>: letabuntur in cubilibus // [Initial C: Grotesque animal]
f.10/suis. Exaltaciones dei ->: gloria hec est omnibus sanctis eius. [Psalmus.]
[Ps.150] Laudate dominum in sanctis eius: laudate eum in firmamento ->: omnis spiritus laudet dominum.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in se=//
f.10v/cula seculorum, amen. Antiphona.
O admirabile commercium creator generis humani
animatum corpus sumens de virgine nasci dignatus est
et procedens homo sine semine largitus est nobis suam deitatem.
Capitulum. Maria virgo semper letare que meruisti xpm portare
celi et terre conditorem quia de tuo utero protulisti mundi salvatorem. Deo gracias.
Ympnus.
[1] ¶O gloriosa domina
excelsa supra sydera
qui te creavit provide
lactati sacro ubere.
[2] ¶Quod eva tristis abstulit
tu reddis almo germine
intrent ut astra flebiles
celi fenestra facta es.
[3] ¶Tu regis alti ianua
et porta lucis fulgida
vitam datam per virginem
gentes redempte plaudite.
[4] ¶Gloria tibi domine
qui natus est de virgine
cum patre et sancto spiritu
in sempiterna secula. Amen.
Versiculus. Elegit eam deus et preelegit eam.
Responsorio. Habitare facit in tabernaculo suo.
[Ant.] O gloriosa //
[The choise of antiphon to Benedictus is obviously given for the reason of identical incipits with the preceding hymn.
The combination is so widespread that we must assume it was part of an archaic French prototype]
f.11[Canticum Zachariæ, Luc. I, 68-79] /Benedictus dominus deus israel ->>Per viscera misericordie dei nostri: in quibus//
f.11v/visitavit nos: oriens ex alto. Illuminare his qui in tenebris et in umbra mortis sedent:
ad dirigendos pedes nostros: in viam pacis. Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto.
Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
Antiphona. O gloriosa dei genitrix virgo semper maria que dominum omnium meruisti portare
et regem angelorum sola virgo lactare (et) nostris precibus pia virgo memorare
et pro nobis xpm deprecare ut tuis suffulti patrocinijs ad celestia regna mereamur pervenire.
V. Domine exaudi oracionem meam. Et clamor meus ad te veniat.
[Oratio.] Concede nos famulos tuos quesumus domine deus perpetua mentis et corporis salute gaudere, et gloriosa (ac) beate marie semper virginis intercessione a presenti liberari tristicia et eterna perfrui leticia.
Per dominum nostrum ihesum xpm filium tuum qui tecum vivit et regnat //
f.12/in unitate spiritus sancti deus. Per omnia secula seculorum amen.
Benedicamus domino. Deo gracias.
[Here ends the Lauds of the Hours of the Virgin. It is, however, and old and widespread tradition that Lauds and Vespers are followed by a commemoration of saints in some form. The modern edition prescribes here: "Et fit commemoratio de Sanctis".
This can be done with a short antiphon and a general prayer, or as here in the Bohun Hours, by a genuine but short Suffragia Sanctorum section, frequently rubricated as "Memorie sanctorum" See the general introduction to the Suffrages in the Tutorial. The section is composed individually for each book, and reflects often the preferences of the owners, including their personal name-saint and protector.]
Commemoratio Sanctorum ad Laudes
f.12 [De Trinitate]
Antiphona. Libera nos salva nos iustifica nos o beata trinitas.
V. Sit nomen domini benedictum. R. Ex hoc nunc et usque in seculum.
Oratio. Omnipotens sempiterne deus qui dedisti famulis tuis in confessione vere fidei eterne trinitatis gloriam agnoscere
et in potenciam maiestatis adorare unitatem quesumus ut eiusdem fidei firmitate ab omnibus semper muniamur adversis. In qua vivis et regnas deus per omnia secula seculorum, amen. //
f.12v/ [De Cruce]
[Antiphona.] Nos autem gloriari oportet in cruce domini nostri ihesu xpi.
V. Omnis terra adoret te deus.
R. Et psallat tibi psalmum dicam nomini tuo.
[Oratio.] Deus qui sanctam crucem ascendisti et mundi tenebras illuminasti tu corda et corpora nostra illuminare dignare visitare. Per xpm dominum. Amen.
[De S. Michaele archangele]
[Antiphona.] Michael archangele veni in adiutorio populo dei.
V. In conspectu angelorum psallam tibi deus meus.
R. Adorabo ad templum sanctum tuum et confitebor nomini tuo.
[Oratio.] Deus qui miro ordine angelorum ministeria hominumque dispensas concede propicius ut quibus tibi ministrantibus in celo semper assistitur ab hijs in terra vita nostra muniatur. Per xpm dominum nostrum, amen.
[De S. Iohanne baptista]
Antiphona. Inter natos mulierum non surrexit maior iohanne baptista.
V. Fuit homo missus a deo. R. Cui nomen est iohannes.// [Initials D3: Dragon & Squirrel]
f.13/[Oratio.] Perpetuis nos domine sancti iohannis baptiste tueri presidijs et quanto fragiliores sumus tanto mage necessarijs atolle suffragijs. Per xpm dominum nostrum. Amen.
[Petrus & Paulus]
Antiphona. Petrus apostolus et paulus doctor gencium ipsi nos docuerunt legem tuam domine.
V. In omnem terram exivit sonus eorum.
R. Et in fines orbis terre vecta eorum.
[Oratio.] Deus cuius dextera beatum petrum apostolum ambulantem in fluctibus ne mergeretur erexit, et coapostolum eius paulum tertio naufragentem de profundo pelagi liberavit, exaudi nos et concede ut amborum meritis eternitatis gloriam consequamur. Per xpm dominum nostrum. Amen.
[De S. Iohanne evangelista]
Antiphona. Iohannes apostolus et evangelista virgo est electus a domino atque inter ceteros magis dilectus.
V. Valde honorandus est beatus iohannes.
R. Qui supra pectus domini in cena recubuit.
[Oratio.] Ecclesiam tuam quesumus domine be=// [Initial P3: Young male head, D3: Head of a warrior in armour]
f.13v/nignus illustra ut beati iohannis apostoli tui illuminata doctrinis ad dona perveniat sempiterna. Per xpm dominum nostrum, amen.
[De S. Maria Magdalene]
Antiphona. Maria magdalena unxit pedes ihesu et extersit capillis suis et domus impleta est exodore unguenti.
V. Dimissa sunt ei peccata multa.
R. Quoniam dilexit multum.
Oratio. Largire nobis clementissime pater quod sicut beata maria magdalene dominum nostrum super omnia diligendo suorum optinuit veniam peccatorum, ita et nobis apud misericordiam tuam sempiternam impetret beatitudinem. Per xpm dominum nostrum amen.
[De S. Katerina]
Antiphona. Virgo sancta katerina grecie gemma urbe alexandria costi regis erat filia.
V. Ora pro nobis beata katerina. R. Ut digni efficiamur promissionibus xpi.
Oratio. Deus qui dedisti legem moysi in summitate montis synai et in eodem loco per angelos tuos corpus beate // [Initial L3: Bird, D3: Pelican?]
f.14/katerine virginis et martiris tue mirabiliter collocasti, concede propicius ut eius meritis et intercessione ad montem qui xps est valeamus pervenire. Per xpm dominum nostrum. Amen.
[De S. Margareta]
Antiphona. Erat autem margareta annorum qui deum cum ab impio alibris tradebatur in carcere.
V. Diffusa est gracia in labijs tuis.
R. Propterea benedixit te deus in eternum.
[Oratio.] Deus qui beatam margaretam virginem tuam ad celos per martirij palmam venire fecisti concede nobis quesumus ut eius exempla sequentes ad te pervenire mereamur. Per.
[De Omnibus Sanctis]
Antiphona. Sancti dei omnes qui estis consortes supernorum civium intercedite pro nobis ad dominum.
V. Letamini in domino. R. Et gloriamini omnes recti corde.
Oratio. Vide domine (in)firmitatem nostram ut intercedentibus omnibus sanctis tuis sceleri nobis pietate succurre. Per xpm dominum nostrum amen. // [Initial D3: Pelican, V2: Young head]
f.14v/[De Pace]
Antiphona. Da pacem domine in diebus nostris quia non est alius qui pugnet pro nobis nisi tu deus noster.
V. Domine fiat pax in virtute tua.
R. Et habundancia in turribus tuis.
[Oratio.] Deus a quo sancta desideria recta consilia iusta sunt opera da servis tuis illam quam mundus dare non potest pacem
ut et corda nostra mandatis tuis dedita et hostium sublata formidine tempora sunt tua proteccione tranquilla.
Per dominum nostrum ihesum xpm filium tuum
qui tecum vivit et regnat in unitate spiritus sancti deus per omnia secula seculorum. Amen.
Benedicamus domino.

Ad Primam
f.14vAd primam dicat.DEus in adiutorium meum intende. Domine ad adiuvandum me festina.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut //
f.14v*Initial D7: *The Nativity
In a cowshed is Mary nursing the newborn child by her naked breast in a bed to the left. Joseph is watching from a wooden chair to the right. In the foreground heads of an ox and an ass. An angel is standing in the background. In the corners of the border and the scrolls of the D: 7 medallions with angels playing musical instruments.
Above the upper border: *The Annunciation to the Shepherds
In the lower border three scenes with the Miracle of the Jew of Bourges:
L:*An alter with chalice and retable of the crucifix with Mary and John. Before it facing right a priest in rich vestment, seemingly a cope, holds in l. hand a square white corporal (?), on it a paten, and in r. a host. A row of seven children kneel facing him with a houselling cloth over their hands. Beyond him the crowned Virgin points to one boy at the nearer end of the row, and perhaps lays her l. hand on the head of another. The Jewish boy is houselled with his Christian playmates.,
C:*A bearded Jew with turban-like head-gear thrusts with both hands the back of his naked son into an oven, a half-domed structure with two side pinnacles and a circular chimney with lantern top. Flames within it; a projecting shelf on legs in front of the mouth. On right a group of Jews, the foremost, a woman and a man, in consternation.
R:*The crowned Virgin spreads the edge of her robe towards the boy in the oven - represented as before.
f.15/erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen. Alleuya.
Ympnus.
[1] ¶Veni creator spiritus
mentes tuorum visita
imple superna gracia
que tu creasti pectora.
[2] ¶Memento salutis auctor
quod nostri quondam corporis
exillibata virgine
nascendo formam sumpseris.
[3] ¶Maria mater gracie
mater misericordie
tu nos ab hoste protege
et in hora mortis suscipe.
[4] ¶Gloria tibi domine
qui natus es de virgine
cum patre et sancto spiritu
in sempiterna secula, amen.
Ant. O admirabile. [Psalmus.] [Ps.53] Deus in nomine tuo salvum me fac ->>Ecce enim deus//
f.15v/adiuvat me: et dominus susceptor est anime mee. ->: et super inimicos meos despexit oculos meus.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Psalmus.] [Ps.116] Laudate dominum omnes gentes: laudate eum omnes populi.
Quoniam confirmata est super nos misericordia eius: et veritas domini manet in eternum.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Psalmus.] [Ps.117] Confitemini domino quoniam bonus: quoniam in seculum misericordia // [Initial C3: Hare]
f.16/eius. Dicat nunc israel ->[Ps.117 cont.]->>Circumdederunt me sicut apes: et exauretunt sicut ignis in spinis://
f.16v/et in nomine domini quia ultus sum in eos. ->[Ps.117 cont.]->>Hec //
f.17/est dies quam fecit dominus: ->>: quoniam in seculum misericordia eius.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
Antiphona. O admirabile commercium creator generis humani animatum corpus
sumens de virgine nasci dignatus est et procedens homo sine semine largitus est nobis suam deitatem.
Capitulum. [Eccli 24, 11-12] In omnibus requiem quesivi et in hereditate //
f.17v/domini morabor tunc precepit et dixit michi creator omnium et qui creavit me, requievit in tabernaculo meo. Deo gracias.
Responsorio. Ave maria gracia plena dominus tecum. Ave maria gracia plena dominus tecum.
V. Benedicta tu in mulieribus et benedictus fructus ventris tui.
Dominus tecum. Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Ave maria gracia plena dominus tecum.
V. Sancta dei genitrix virgo semper maria. Intercede pro nobis ad dominum deum nostrum.
V. Domine exaudi oracionem meam. Et clamor meus ad te veniat.
Oratio. Concede nos famulos tuos quesumus domine deus perpetua mentis et corporis salute gaudere, et gloriosa beate marie semper virginis intercessione a presenti liberari tristicia et eterna perfrui leticia. Per dominum nostrum ihesum xpm filium tuum qui tecum vivit et regnat in unitate spiritus sancti per omnia secula seculorum. Amen.
Benedicamus domino. Deo gracias.//
[Initial C3: Coat-of-Arms] [The prayer Concede nos famulos tuos (still in use today without modifications) was normally only said at Lauds and Vespers in most uses. In the Sarum rite is it the only collect, repeated at all hours, apart from the important final collect after Compline. The same custom is seen in Normandy, from where the custom most probably originated.]

Ad tertiam
f.18/Ici comence le houre de tierce de nostre dame.
DEus in adiutorium meum intende. Domine ad adiuvandum me festina.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen. Alleuya.
Ympnus. Veni creator spiritus -[as above] ->>in sempiterna secula.//
f.18*Initial D6: *Adoration of the Magi
The three Magi dressed as kings to the left, one kneeling down before the enthroned Virgin and the child, with his crown in the left and a cup in his right hand. The child Jesus is reaching out for the content of the precious chalice held forward by the king. One of the kings is pointing towards a bright star in the background.
In the lower border three scenes from the legend of the Miracle of the Christ-child as Hostage:
L: *A house with battlemented lower stage and gabled upper story. Before it a woman with covered head lays the image of the Christ-child in an open chest (as hostage for her own captive son). She looks round to right at an alter, with riddles: on it under a canopy the image of the crowned Virgin sits with empty hands.,
C: *A square battlemented building with a circular peaked turret at each corner, two barred windows are seen. On left is the crowned Virgin touching the bars of one window, behind which is seen the woman's son.
R: *A building with porch, battlements, and turrets. Within, beneath a vaulted roof supported by a shaft, on l. the crowned Virgin pointing to the woman: beside her is the boy. On r. the woman looks at her, raises yhe lid of the chest, and handles the image of the Child, whose arm is raised. //
f.18v/Amen. Antiphona. Quando natus est. [Psalmus.] [Ps.119] Ad dominum cum tribularer ->>pugnabant me gratis.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Psalmus.] [Ps.120] Levavi oculos meos in montes: ->>Non det in //
f.19/comocionem pedem tuum neque dormitet qui custodit te. ->: ex hoc nunc et usque in seculum.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Psalmus.] [Ps.121] Letatus sum in hijs que dicta sunt michi: ->>tribus domini: testi=//
f.19v/monium israel ad confitendum in nomine domini. ->: quesivi bona tibi.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
Capitulum. [Eccli 24, 14] Ab inicio et ante secula creata sum
et usque ad futurum seculum non desinam et in habitacione sancta coram ipso ministravi. Deo gracias.
Responsorio. Sancta dei genitrix virgo semper maria.
* Sancta dei genitrix virgo //
f.20/semper maria. V. Intercede pro nobis ad dominum deum nostrum. *Virgo semper maria.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. * Sancta dei genitrix virgo semper maria.
V. Post partum virgo inviolata permansisti. Dei genitrix intercede pro nobis.
Domine exaudi oracionem meam. Et clamor meus ad te veniat.
Oratio. Concede nos famulos tuos quesumus domine deus perpetua mentis et corporis salute gaudere,
et gloriosa beate marie semper virginis intercessione a presenti liberari tristicia et eterna perfrui leticia.
Per dominum nostrum ihesum xpm filium tuum qui tecum vivit et regnat in unitate spiritus sancti per omnia secula seculorum. Amen.
Benedicamus domino. [Deo gracias.]

Ad Sextam
f.20Ici comence la houre de middi de nostre dame.
DEus in adiutorium meum intende. Domine ad adiuvandum me festina.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut //
f.20*Initial D6: *The Presentation in the Temple To the left Simeon and Anna, with the sacrifice of young pigeons [Luc.22, 22-38]
In the lower border the Miracle of the Monk and Roses in three scenes:
Left:*Under a broad trefoil arch, a young monk in black kneels upon a vested altar and with both hands puts a wreath of flowers on the head of a seated image of the Virgin: a riddle on right.,
Center:*A lead-roofed building with porch on l. and traceried window on r. end: a broad arch opening shows the window in the wall within, which is hung with a curtain. Inside on l. a monk with mocking expression facing r. speaks to the monk, who now sits on a bench with bent head, nursing his knee, depressed. The season of roses is over, and he is at a loss for wreaths.
Right:*On left a grove of trees: in front are seen heads of two horses, and two men, one holding a round black thing. In the center the monk kneels to the crowned Virgin who stands holding a wreath of flowers and pointing to him. On right another grove in which are two or three men, robbers, pointing to the central group. [cf. James p.61]
f.20v/erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen. Alleuya.
Ympnus.
Veni creator spiritus ->in sempiterna secula amen.
Ant. Rubum. Psalmus.
[Ps.122] Ad te levavi oculos meos: ->>Miserere nostri domine mi=//
f.21/serere nostri: quia ->et despeccio superbis. Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto.
Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Psalmus.] [Ps.123] Nisi quia dominus erat in nobis ->>Adiutorium // [Initial N2: Face of a young black person]
f.21v/nostrum in nomine domini: qui fecit celum et terram. Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto.
Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper: et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Psalmus.] [Ps.124] Qui confidunt in domino ->>pax super israel. Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto.
Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Antiphona.] Rubum //
f.22/ quem viderat moyses incombustum conservatam agnovimus tuam laudabilem virginitatem
dei genitrix intercede pro nobis.
[Capitulum.] [Eccli 24, 1] Et sic in syon firmata sum et in civitate sanctificata similiter requievi et in ierusalem potestas mea. Deo gracias.
Responsorio. Post partum virgo inviolata permansisti. Post partum virgo * inviolata permansisti.
V. Dei genitrix intercede pro nobis. * Inviolata permansisti.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Post partum virgo inviolata permansisti.
R. Speciosa facta es et suavis.
V. In delicijs tuis sancta dei genitrix.
Domine exaudi oracionem meam. Et clamor meus ad te veniat.
Oratio. Concede nos famulos tuos quesumus domine deus perpetua mentis et corporis salute gaudere, et gloriosa beate marie semper virginis intercessione a presenti liberari tristicia et eterna perfrui leticia. Per // [Initial C3: Young head with curly hair]
f.22v/dominum nostrum ihesum xpm filium tuum, qui tecum vivit et regnat in unitate spiritus deus per omnia secula seculorum, amen.
Benedicamus domino. Deo gracias.

Ad Nonam
f.22vIci comence le houre de nonne de nostre dame.
DEus in adiutorium (etc. as above) -> amen. Alleuya.
Ympnus. Veni creator spiritus ->Memento salutis auctor
->>Maria plena gracie mater misericordie tu nos ab hos=//
f.22v*Initial D6: *The Crucifixion
Christ on the cross, giving up his spirit, flying as a dove to God the father in the upper left corner. To the left Mary in pain supported by her friends. At the foot of the cross Mary Magdalene kneeling in agony. To the right the jew pointing towards the (invisible) inscription above the cross. Outside the D to the left stands Longinus and points his lance across the letter into the side of Christ. Behind the initial to the right a tiny scene, perhaps representing the night in Gethsemane. In the scrolls of the D are painted two angels.
In the lower border the Miracle of the Usurer's (?) soul saved, in three scenes, each taking place in an enclosure of curtains hung on rods:
Left:*A bearded man, a linen cloth about his head, lies in bed. Over his body an angel contends with a black devil, cow-horned and tailed.,
Center:*Above the curtain the head of God amid rays. Below, the man in bed, the crowned Virgin kneeling on the near side, Christ surrounded with rays on the far side, looking upward.
Right:*The man in bed, this time bareheaded and awake, lifts his hands towards an angel standing near his feet.
f.23/te protege et in hora mortis suscipe. Gloria tibi ->in sempiterna secula amen.
Añ. Germinavit. [Psalmus.]
[Ps.125] In convertendo ->>: portantes manipulos suos. Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto.
Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.//
f.23v/[Psalmus.] [Ps.126] Nisi dominus edificaverit ->>cum loquetur inimicis suis in porta.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Psalmus.] [Ps.127] Beati omnes qui timent dominum: ->>quia manducabis beatus es et bene tibi //
f.24/erit. Uxor tua ->>: pacem super israel. Gloria patri et filio
et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
Antiphona. Germinavit radix iesse orta est stella ex iacob virgo peperit salvatorem te laudamus deus noster.
[Capitulum.] [Eccli 24, 16] Et radicavi in populo honorificato et in partes dei mei hereditas illius et in plenitudine sanctorum detencia mea. Deo gracias.
R. Speciosa facta es et suavis. Speciosa facta es * et suavis.
V. In delicijs tuis sancta dei genitrix. * Et suavis.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Speciosa facta es et suavis.
V. Dignare me laudare te virgo sacrata.//
f.24v/[R.] Da michi virtutem contra hostes tuos.
V. Domine exaudi oracionem meam. R. Et clamor meus ad te veniat.
Oratio.
Concede nos famulos tuos quesumus domine deus perpetua mentis et corporis salute gaudere, et gloriosa beate marie semper virginis intercessione a presenti liberari tristicia et eterna perfrui leticia. Per dominum nostrum ihesum xpm filium tuum qui tecum vivit et regnat in unitate spiritus sancti per omnia secula seculorum. Amen.
Benedicamus domino. Deo gracias.

Ad Vesperas
f.24vIci comencent vespres de nostre dame.
DEus in adiutorium meum intende. Domine ad adiuvandum me festina.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et //
f.24v*Initial D6: *The Resurrection of Christ
In the lower border the Miracle of the Drowned Sacristan in three scenes:
L:*On an altar under a canopy, the seated image of the crowned Virgin and Child. Riddle at the side. A black monk bows to the image: behind him a doorway with central shaft, forming part of a building.,
C:*He comes out from the building, between turrets, on to a bridge without a parapet; his cowl is over his head. A devil whose head is seen over the bridge may be plucking away his staff. Another devil is in the water below.
R:*An angel attending the crowned Virgin: she takes the hands of the monk under the bridge in the water and looks up to the rayed head of God above the bridge. On the bridge stands a small nude figure (the soul) looking up: by it may be a devil. On r., at the end of the bridge, a gateway in which are seen monks.
f.25/in secula seculorum, amen. Alleuya. Ant. Post partum. Psalmus.
[Ps.121] Letatus sum ->>quesivi bona tibi. Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto.
Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.// [A scribal error in line 10 was here corrected by a later erasure, the scribe wrote "confitendum in nomine domini", where the correct text is "confitendum nomini domini" Note the admirable professionalism with which the scribe succeed in concluding the text at the end of the bottom line, with an Amen!]
f.25v/[Psalmus.] [Ps.122] Ad te levavi oculos ->et despeccio superbis. Gloria patri et filio
et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Psalmus.] [Ps.123] Nisi quia dominus->>Torrentem pertransivit anima nostra: forsitan // [Initial N3: Basilisk?]
f.26/pertransisset anima nostra aquam intollerabilem. ->: qui fecit celum et terram.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Psalmus.] [Ps.124] Qui confidunt ->>et rectus corde. De=// [Initial Q3: Male? head]
f.26v/clinantes autem in obligaciones: adducent dominus cum operantibus iniquitatem pax super israel.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Psalmus.] [Ps.125] In convertendo ->>portantes manipulos tuos. Gloria patri et filio
et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in se=//
f.27/cula seculorum amen. [Antiphona.] Post partum virgo inviolata permansisti. Dei genitrix intercede pro nobis.
[Capitulum.] Beata es virgo maria que dominum portasti creatorem mundi genuisti qui te fecit et in eternum permanes virgo. Deo gracias.
[Ympnus.]
[1] ¶Ave maris stella,
dei mater alma,
atque semper virgo,
felix celi porta.
[2] ¶Sumens illud ave
gabrielis ore,
funda nos in pace,
mutans nomen eve.
[3] ¶Solve vincla reis,
profert lumen cecis,
mala nostra pelle,
bona cuncta posse.
[4] ¶Monstra te esse matrem,
sumat per te precem,
qui pro nobis natus
tulit esse tuus.
[5] ¶Virgo singularis,
inter omnes mitis,
nos, culpis solutos,
mites fac et castos.
[6] ¶Vitam presta puram,
iter paratutum,
ut, videntes ihesum,
semper colletemur.
[7] ¶Sit laus deo patri,
summo christo decus,
spiritui sancto,
tribus //
[The popular hymn by Venantius Fortunatus was often broken up into independent sections, with the further incipits: Solve vincla reis and Virgo singularis (cf. fol.30v). The first two verses are always represented in one position or the other in every office for the Virgin.]
f.27v/honor unus. Amen. [V.] Diffusa est gracia in labijs tuis.
[R.] Propterea benedixit te deus in eternum.
[Ant.] Sancta maria. [Psalmus.] [Canticum B.M.V. Luc. I, 46-55]
Magnificat anima mea dominum ->>: abraham et semini eius in secula. Gloria patri //
f.28/et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen. [Antiphona.] Sancta maria succurre miseris iuvia pusillamines refove flebiles ora pro populo intercede pro clero intercede pro devoto femineo sexu. [V.] Ostende nobis domine misericordiam tuam. [R.] Et salutare tuum da nobis. [V.] Domine exaudi oracionem meam. [R.] Et clamor meus ad te veniat. [Oratio.]
Concede nos famulos tuos quesumus domine deus perpetua mentis et corporis salute gaudere, et gloriosa beate marie semper virginis intercessione a presenti liberari tristicia et eterna perfrui leticia. Per dominum nostrum ihesum xpm filium tuum qui tecum vivit et regnat in unitate spiritus sancti deus per xpm dominum nostrum. Amen.
Domine exaudi oracionem meam. Et clamor meus ad te veniat.
Benedicamus domino. Deo gracias.// [Initial C: Female head]

Ad Completorium
f.28vCOnverte nos deus salutaris noster. Et averte iram tuam a nobis.
Deus in adiutorium meum intende. Domine ad adiuvandum me festina.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
Ant. Cum iocunditate. Psalmus.
[Ps.12] Usquequo domine oblivisceris ->>in morte nequando dicat // [Initial U3: Grotesque bird] [The scribe has left the first line blank, but the artist has not taken advantage of this invitation].
f.28v*Initial C7: *The Coronation of the Virgin
Sitting on the heavenly throne, to the right of Christ, is Mary crowned to the sound of music from 15 angels placed everywhere in a fantastic architectural construction both inside and outside the initial. Behind the throne stands two acolytes swinging turribuli with incense.
In the lower border the Miracle of the Jew and the Merchant in three scenes:
L:*In a building with traceries and transomed windows. On left the merchant in hood and mantle, chain on neck, delivers the crowned image of the Virgin, as his surety, to the Jew in loose cap and caped robe, who points to a heap of money on a four-legged table in centre.,
C:*At the back in center a cloud, whence rain and hailstones fall upon a tossing ship and break the mast and shrouds. In front on either side, a shore and tree: on left kneels the Jew holding a written deed, and drawing out the water a small boat with money in it. On right the merchant commits to the water a similar boat (this moment, of course, is the first in order of time).
R:*In center a judge in a high-backed chair. Eight or nine men, one with a staff, are at the sides and back. Before him on left the Jew delivers the crowned image to the merchant on right.
f.29/inimicus meus ->: et psallam nomini domini altissimum. Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto.
Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen. [Psalmus. Ps.42]
Iudica me deus ->>: quare tristis es//
f.29v/anima mea ->salutare vultus mei et deus meus. Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto.
Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper: et in secula seculorum, amen. [Psalmus.
[Ps.128] Sepe expugnaverunt ->>Et non dixerunt qui preteribant //
f.30/benedictio domini super vos: benediximus vobis in nomine domini.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum amen.
[Psalmus. Ps.130]
Domine non est exaltatum ->>: ex hoc nunc et usque in seculum.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Antiphona.] Cum iocunditate memoriam beate marie celebramus ut ipsa pro nobis intercedat ad dominum ihesum christum.
[Capitulum.] [Eccli 24, 20]
Sicut cynamomum et balsamum // [Initial D3: Grotesque animal]
f.30v/aromatizans odorem dedi quasi mirra electa dedi suavitatem odoris. Deo gracias.
[Ympnus.] Virgo singularis inter omnes mitis-> [Cf. fol.27] ->>tribus honor unus. Amen.
[Versiculus.] Ecce ancilla domini. Fiat michi secundum verbum tuum.
[Ant.] Glorificamus. [Canticum. (Canticum Simeonis, Luc.2, 29-32)]
Nunc dimittis servum tuum domine: secundum verbum tuum in pace.
Quia viderunt oculi mei salutare tuum. Quod parasti ante faciem omnium populorum.
Lumen ad revelationem gencium: et gloriam plebis tue israel.
Gloria patri et filio et spiritui sancto. Sicut erat in principio et nunc et semper et in secula seculorum, amen.
[Antiphona.] Glorificamus te dei gentrix quia ex te natus est // [Initial N: Hare]
f.31/christus salva omnes qui te glorificant.
Domine exaudi oracionem meam. Et clamor meus ad te veniat.
Oratio. Graciam tuam quesumus domine mentibus nostris infunde
ut qui angelo nunciante xpi filij tui incarnacionem cognovimus per passionem eius et crucem
ad resurreccionis gloriam perducamur. Per dominum nostrum ihesum xpm filium tuum qui tecum
vivit et regnat in unitate spiritus sancti deus per xpm dominum nostrum. Amen.
Benedicamus domino. Deo gracias.
[Here ends the Hours of the Virgin, strictly speaking. The following must be considered as an addition, to be read ad libitum, allthough Salve Regina (with a Omnipotens sempiterne prayer) frequently occurs here in a large number of sources from different dioceses. It was introduced in English Benedictine use at the general chapter held at Northampton in 1343, "that immediately after Compline was to be said daily, slowly and distinctly, an anthem and collect in honour of our Lady." (J.B.L.Tolhurst: The Monastic Breviary of Hyde Abbey, VI, London 1942, p.130-134)]

Salve Regina
f.31[Antiphona. B.M.V.] Salve regina mater misericordie vita dulcedo et spes nostra salve, ad te clamamus exules filij eve, ad te suspiramus gementes et flentes in hac lacrimarum valle, eya ergo advocata nostra illos tuos misericordes oculos ad nos converte et ihesum benedictum fructum ventris tui nobis post hoc exilium//
f.31v/ostende. O clemens, o pia o dulcis maria salve. V. Ave maria gracia plena dominus tecum.
R. Benedicta tu in mulieribus et benedictus fructus ventris tui.
Oratio.
Omnipotens sempiterne deus qui corpus et animam beate marie virginis
ut digne habitaculum effici meretur cooperante spiritu sancto mirabiliter preparasti
da ut cuius commemoracione, letamur eius pia intercessionibus a malis instantibus
et a morte perpetua liberemur. Per xpm dominum nostrum, amen.

Devotion: De profundis
[The following has no connection to the Hours of the Virgin. In the later Roman rite was it placed after the Office of the Dead, with a rubric saying that it not is read on the day of death, nor in connection with the recitation of the office by a funeral. It is really the final part of the Office of the Dead. Here has it, however, been placed on purpose after the Hours of the Virgin, in accordance with the use at Westminster where a similar short devotion for the dead was said after the anthem to our Lady, from the end of the 14th century (cf. J.B.L.Tolhurst: The Monastic Breviary of Hyde Abbey, VI, London 1942, p.76. The Bohun Hours is in fact another early supplementary source to Tolhurst's knowledge about the English choir office. De profundis is also found in late 15th century Sarum Hours in this position).
In prayerbooks around 1500 are similar texts not unusual before the penitential psalms, with a rubric explaining how they should be read before you enter a cemetary or another burial place, to commemorate the dead.]
f.31v[Psalmus.] [Ps.129] De profundis clamavi ad te domine: domine exaudi vocem meam. Fiant aures tue intendentes: in vocem deprecacionis mee. Si iniquitates observaveris domine: domine quis sustinebit. Quia apud te propiciacio est: et propter legem tuam sustinui te domine. Sustinuit anima mea in verbo // [Initial D: Parrot]
f.32/eius: speravit anima mea in domino. A custodia matutina usque ad noctem:
speret israel in domino. A custodia matutina usque ad noctem: speret israel in domino.
Quia apud dominum misericordia et copiosa: apud eum redempcio. Et ipse redimet israel: ex omnibus iniquitatibus eius.
Kyrieleyson. Xpeleyson. Kyrielyson. Pater noster.
[V.] Et ne nos inducas in temptacionem. [R.] Set libera nos a malo.
[V.] Requiem eternam dona eis domine. [R.] Et lux perpetua luceat eis.
[V.] A porta inferi. [R.] Erue domine animas eorum.
[V.] Credo videre bona dominum. [R.] In terra vivencium.
[V.] Requiescant in pace. Amen.
Oratio. Inclina domine aurem tuam ad preces nostras
quibus misericordiam tuam supplices deprecamur, ut animas famulorum famularumque tuarum
quas de hoc seculo migrare iussisti in pacis ac lucis regione constituas, et sanctorum tuorum iubeas
esse consortes. Per christum dominum (nostrum).
Fidelium anime per misericordiam dei requiescant (in pace). Amen.//
[The missing rubrics (within square brackets) on fol.32 are here from a modern Roman Breviary.
The end of vespers of the office of the dead on fol.45v-46 has an identical text, where it can be compared how the scribe placed rubrics when he had sufficient linespace.
In fatigue did he here repeat a sentence, which certainly not improved his situation.]


Continuation follows folio 32v° (Septem Psalmi)

Binding Front:Brown calf with gilted ornamentation c.1700, probably early 18th century. [Compare with the contemporary binding of Thott 517 4° by the same bookbinder, using different blindstamps for the two volumes](2003: Picture has been removed)
Binding BackSame gilted blindstamps as the front plate, in an almost identical pattern (2003: Picture has been removed)

Introduction [1/07/2000]
This document is an integrated part of the CHD Tutorial on Books of Hours. The main scope is to furnish a tool for the student, to practise the often very complicated task of taking relevant notes from books of hours, where - as you will see here - the structure of the text is obscured by missing rubrics. [The missing rubrics are within square brackets]. For the question of "relevant" notes, compare the survey of Use of Sarum. The text is transcribed as seen on the facsimile, without any unnessesary editorial addition of modern punctuation. All contractions are rendered in full with a few exceptions. It should give the beginner a fair possibility to learn the most common medieval abbreviations. [xps: Christus, xpe: Christe, xpi: Christi, xpm: Christum]. It's an advantage to have a Latin Vulgata Bible at hand, if you want to practise paleography seriously.
Only the three important basic sections of a Book of Hours are preserved in Thott 547, which makes it more convenient to focus on the essentials, without distracting individualities. Further comments and references can be added, and later correlated with other relevant files, like the similar guide to GkS 1610 The Della Porta Hours. [The small but very interesting border-scenes in Thott 547, showing various medieval legends, will be dealt with separately, as they are unique for the Bohun manuscripts, and not part of the iconography usually found in books of hours, nor are they related to any text in the present book.
Similar scenes are only found in a limited small group of 14th cent. English books of hours.
See M.R.James: Note on the Miracles of the Virgin, in: The Bohun Manuscripts, Oxford 1936, p.60-61. The detailed description of each scene given by James in his Chapter IV. (p.47-52) is repeated here in his own words.
A forthcoming Commentary will add some critical notes to his interpretation.]

The Bohun Hours was of course in the original state preceded by a calendar (a mandatory part of any book of hours).
The present whereabouts is unfortunately unknown, it has probably been lost (the psalter-hours of Mary of Bohun in Oxford has unfortunately also lost its original calendar!).
It is also certain that there was a large section with commemoration of selected saints. Part (or all?) of this, with selected female saints only, has in fact been preserved, and is today by a lucky coincidence (thanks to Count Otto Thott) also in The Royal Library in Copenhagen, and available as online facsimile as well. See Thott 517 4°.
The existence of Thott 517 in Copenhagen was unknown to M.R.James in 1936. The commemoration of saints in the Bohun Hours did apparently not entirely follow a "classical" French model.
The usual short commemorations (Memorie Sanctorum) at Lauds are extended to replace a separate section (the so-called "Suffragia Sanctorum").
The inclusion in a book of hours of long legends on personal saints is comparable to the same phenomenon in some of the early books of hours made for Jean de Berry. It can be seen as one of various attempts to customize books of hours during the first century of their formation as the most important personal book.
The Psalter-Hours of Mary of Bohun in the Bodleian Library (Ms. Auct. D.4.4) has a similar but larger section of commemorations at Lauds and Vespers, with additional Memoriae after the Hours, but a comparison between the two books is complicated by 15th century additions and possible rearrangements in the Bodleian Psalter-Hours. Further comments on the special commemorations will consequently be reserved the remaining section Thott 517 itself, which long ago has been separated from the Hours, and bound as an independent manuscript, at least since the first half of the 18th century when they both were rebound by the same British bookbinder (Cf. the notes to Thott 517 4°).
[In the CHD Tutorial is the facsimile of the much later GkS 1612 4° serving as the model of the Suffragia Sanctorum in general].
Whether the Hours of Mary of Bohun also included Hours of the Cross and Hours of the Holy Spirit (in their long forms) remain an open question. In that case must they have preceded the Hours of the Virgin. Further missing parts is pure speculation but could be some gospel lessons, and eventually additional special prayers with an indulgence, including the prayer "O intemerata" (it is in my opinion too early in date to have included the "Obsecro te").
The manuscript has now 66 folios of vellum, measuring 179x129 mm. The collation is the original, in 8 regular quaternions, except the last (9th) gathering, only consisting of two additional leaves to finish the office of the dead. [A detailed collation will be published in the Commentary].
Bibliography: The Bohun Manuscripts. A Group of five Manuscripts executed in England about 1370 for members of the Bohun Family. Described by Montague Rhodes James, with an introductory note on the group by Eric George Millar. Oxford, Printed for the Roxburghe Club at the University Press, 1936.

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© 2000-2002 Erik Drigsdahl & CHD Center for Håndskriftstudier i Danmark
First published 1/07/2000; Last update 28/08/2002, modified 28/04/2007;