Madan Tests 1923-1929

F.Madan: Hours of the Virgin Mary (Tests for Localization).

The Bodleian Quarterly Record, Vol.III, 1920-1922, Oxford 1923, pp.40-44: "Documents and Records A. Hours of the Virgin Mary (Tests for Localization)". (An update was published later: Falconer Madan: The Localization of Manuscripts, in: Essays in History Presented to Reginald Lane Poole, Oxford 1927, pp.5-29)[Thanks to Anne Korteweg and Peter Kidd, who furnished me with photocopies of these rare publications, otherwise not available to me in Copenhagen. I am especially indepted to Peter Kidd for discovering an old annotated copy in the Bodleian].

Introductory comments:
The Madan tests are still in use among some art historians and other manuscript scholars. They were very important at their time, but have long been inadequate and misleading. It is very unfortunate that the system has lead to the erroneous impression that it is sufficient to note the incipits of Prime and None. This is NOT the case!. Already in 1927 did Leroquais illustrate the vulnerability of the system. A quick comparison with the new CHD TESTS will hopefully convince any student about this fact. An obvious pitfall is the group with the configuration: "O admirabile - Hec est virgo", common in the area of Northwestern France, which I have nicknamed "The Black Triangle", because it has left us with so many unidentified uses.
I have followed the principle of Falconer Madan - not to encourage new students to do the same - but on the contrary, one could say, to demonstrate the weakness and vulnerability of the system. Nobody has publised a better system, and we must still honour the pioneer efforts by Madan. Modern database facilities, however, has already made this kind of keys superfluous. You are welcome to forward a query into the CHD databases, with any combination of incipits. The forthcoming publication of the detailed surveys of the different uses will also help to cure any surviving misunderstandings, see: A selection of Uses (cf. my general introduction on taking notes from the Hours of the Virgin in the Tutorial, and the "Checklist of the Hours of the Virgin"). An attempt to identify the use after the Madan criteria, only on basis of Prime and None, will in many cases inevitably run into serious trouble, and result in more unnecessary questionmarks! Some unidentified uses are easy to localize - they have just escaped identification because one of the incipits at prime or none is deviating.

[*] indicates a problem, or an unknown source, not recorded on the CHD databases. Several of the sources included by Madan are not recorded elsewhere (they are not all marked here, but not included in the CDH tests if the source is unknown). Many of his sources were apparently found in the Bodleian Library itself. If you know what his source could have been, would I be grateful to receive a note about this, in the hope of obtaining all the incipits of these rare uses, especially some old English uses like Gloucester, which is far outside the range of my own research area.
I have made no attempt to comment on the original text, or to correct any errors. The questionmarks are Madans own. The state of the present knowledge will be clear when you consult the new CHD tests (updates and corrections are supplied with regular intervals).

Prime		None
Antiphona	Capitulum	Antiphona	Capitulum	Use

Ab initio	--	Et radicavi	--	Cistercian
Alleluia	Ego mater	Alleluia	Et radicavi	?Carthusian
Assumpta est	Ab initio	Pulchra es	Quasi cedrus	Toul
Assumpta est	Ab initio	Pulchra es	Sicut cynamomum	Carmelite
Assumpta est	Ego quasi vitis	Pulchra es	Transite ad me	Ghent [*Douce 223?]
Assumpta est	Ego sapientia	Pulchra es	Trahe me post te	Basel
Assumpta est	In omnibus	Pulchra es	Et radicavi	Venice
Assumpta est	In omnibus	Pulchra es	Sicut cynamomum	Langres
Assumpta est	Que est ista	Pulchra es	In plateis	Rome
Assumpta est	Que est ista	Pulchra es	Sicut cynamomum	(?Netherlands)
Assumpta est	Que est ista	Que est ista	In plateis	Brittany
Ave maria	Hec est virgo	Hortus conclusus	Gaude maria	Vendôme, La Trinité
Ave maria	Hec est virgo	Hortus conclusus	Per te dei (Vespers, antiphon to Psalms: Sancta dei genitrix)	Sens
Ave maria	Hec est virgo	Hortus conclusus	Per te dei (Vespers, antiphon to Psalms: Beata mater et intacta)	Troyes
Ave maria	Maria virgo semper letare	Sancta dei genitrix	Sicut cynamomum	Paris, S.Magloire
Beata es Maria	In Iacob inhabita	Beata mater	Sicut cynamomum	Como [MS. Lat.lit. d.4]
Beata mater	Ab initio	In prole mater	Paradisi porta	Bayeux
Beata mater	In omnibus	Pulchra es	Et radicavi	Coutances
Beata progenies	Domine miserere	Sub tuum presidium	Paradisi porta	Liege
Benedicta tu	Felix namque	Sicut lilium	Per te dei	Paris
Conceptio gloriose	Regi seculorum	Cum jocunditate	Beatus homo qui (Prime, last Psalm: Quicunque)	French (Paris?)
Dignare me	Ab initio	Beata mater (or no antiphon)	Quasi cedrus (Lauds, antiphon to Psalms: Ante thorum; or, as Tréguier, Post partum)	(Dominican) e.g. Tréguier

Dignare me	Ab initio	Beata mater	Quasi cedrus (Lauds, antiphon to Psalms: Post partum)	Tréguier (Dominican)
Dignare me	Et dixit mihi Iacob	Pulchra es	In plateis	Camaldolese
Ecce tu pulchra	Beata es virgo	Fons hortorum	Felix namque	Geneva
Ecce tu pulchra	Ego quasi vitis	Fons hortorum	Et radicavi	Besançon
Gloria tibi Trinitas	see: Quando natus			?Normandy
Hec est regina	Felix namque	In prole mater	Quam pulchra es, or, Favus distillans	Gloucester (OSB) [*Source?]
Hortus conclusus	Ego mater	Fons hortorum	Felix namque	Lausanne
Hortus conclusus	In omnibus	Gaude maria	Et radicavi	Braga [Ms. Lat.lit. e.12]
In sion firmata	Missus est Gabriel	Sicut cynamomum	Spiritus sanctus descendet	? (unidentified)
Missus est angelus	Ecce virgo concipiet	Ecce ancilla	Ecce virgo	Augustinian (English)
Maria virgo	Per te dei genitrix	Pulchra es	Et radicavi	Rouen
Maria virgo	Trahe me post te	Pulchra es	Veni in hortum	Constance (monastery)
O admirabile	Ab initio	Ecce maria	Felix namque	Lisieux?
O admirabile	Ab initio	Germinavit	Gaude maria	Bourges
O admirabile	Beata es	Ecce maria	Felix namque	Tiron (Benedictine)
O admirabile	Ego sapientia	Germinavit	Et radicavi	Adelberg (Premonstratensian)
O admirabile	Exaltata es	Germinavit	Sicut cynamomum	Le Mans
O admirabile	Gaude maria	Ecce maria	Et radicavi	(London)
O admirabile	Gaude maria	Ecce maria	Sicut cynamomum	Dol
O admirabile	Hec est virgo	Beata maria	Beata es Maria que	St.Omer [*see note]
Annotation: (by Janet Backhouse?) "Probably taken, incorrectly, from Add. 36684 [BL] A. for None is Germinavit, C. for None is missing (1 fol. missing). Beata maria and Beata es Maria are A. and C. for Vespers. Use is very similar to Amiens"
O admirabile	Hec est virgo	Ecce maria	Et radicavi	? Oxford
O admirabile	Hec est virgo	Ecce maria	Felix namque	Rheims
O admirabile	Hec est virgo	Ecce maria	Per te dei (Matins Hymn: Ave maris stella)	Beauvais
O admirabile	Hec est virgo	Ecce maria	Per te dei (Matins: Not Ave maris stella)	Arras [*Source?]
O admirabile	Hec est virgo	Germinavit	Per te dei (Compline, antiphon to Nunc dimittis: Hortus conclusus)	Thérouanne
O admirabile	Hec est virgo	Germinavit	Per te dei (?) (Antiphon to Nunc dimittis: Sub tuum presidium, or Glorificamus te or Cum jocunditate)	Amiens
O admirabile	In omnibus	Ecce maria	Et radicavi	Nantes and ?Metz
O admirabile	In omnibus	Germinavit	Et radicavi	Sarum
O admirabile	Paradisi porta	Ecce maria	Felix namque	Angers
O admirabile	Qui gloriatur	Ecce maria	Per te dei	Chartres
O admirabile	Sancta et immaculata	Germinavit	Felix namque	Evreux
O admirabile	Virgo verbo	Ecce maria	Et radicavi	Poitiers
O admirabile	Virgo verbo	Germinavit	Per te dei	Soissons
O admirabile	Virgo verbo	Germinavit	Te laudant	Tours
O speciosa	Hec est virgo	Reconsilia	Et radicavi	Brigittine (Sundays)
Per te dei genitrix	Maria virgo	Pulchra es	Per te dei	Rouen
Post partum	Hec est virgo	Pulchra es	Per te dei	Orleans
Prophete	Egredietur virga	Benedicta tu	Ave maria	York
Quando natus	Ab initio	Beata mater (?)	Quasi cedrus (Vespers, Capitulum: Maria virgo)	Limoges
Quando natus	Ab initio	Ecce maria	Et radicavi	Nantes
Quando natus	Ab initio	Ecce maria	Quasi cedrus (Vespers, Capitulum: Sicut cynamomum)	Utrecht
Quando natus	Ab initio	Ecce maria	Quasi oliva speciosa	Gilbertine
Quando natus	Ab initio	Ecce maria (or Gaude virtutum)	Tota est speciosa	?St.Frideswide Oxford [
Quando natus, or Gloria tibi	Domine miserere	Ecce maria	Per te dei	?Normandy
Quando natus	Hec est virgo	Ecce maria	Per te dei	Châlons
Quando natus	Hec est virgo	Rubum quem	Paradisi porta	Châlons
Quando natus	In omnibus	Ecce maria	Et radicavi (Terce, antiphon: Quando natus)	Avranches
Quando natus	Maria Virgo semper	Ecce maria	Et radicavi	Canterbury (Christ Church)
Quando natus	In omnibus	Ecce maria	Et radicavi (Terce, antiphon: Rubum quem)	York
Regali ex progenie	Ego ex ore altissimi	Alma virgo maria	Transite ad me	Interlaken (Sorores S.Augustini)
Regali ex progenie	Ego mater pulchre	In prole mater	In plateis	Italian
Rubum quem	Ab initio	In odorem	Quasi cedrus	?
Salve sponsa patris	Ab initio	Gaude virtutum, or Ecce maria genuit	Tota est speciosa	?St.Frideswide Oxford
Sancta dei genitrix	Beata es maria	In prole mater	In omnibus requiem	Beverley (minster, OSA) [Ms. E Musaeo 185]
Sancta dei genitrix	Ego sapientia	Pulchra es	Transite ad me	Mainz
Sancta dei genitrix	Felix namque es	In prole mater	Te laudant angeli	Durham
Sancta dei genitrix	Felix namque es	Succurre nobis	Per te dei	St.Bertin's Abbey
Sancta dei genitrix	Felix valde	Gaude maria virgo	Maria virgo semper	?Tynemouth [BL Add. 21927]
Sancta maria virgo	Trahe me post te	Pulchra es et decora	Ego flos campi	Hildesheim
Sub tuum presidium	Hec est virgo	Beata mater	Per te dei genitrix	?Beauvais
Sub tuum presidium	Hec est virgo	Intemerata	Per te dei	Cambrai
Tota pulchra es	Gaude maria	Pulchra es	Virgo verbo	Tournai
Tota pulchra es	Hec est virgo	Alma virgo	Per te dei genitrix	French, xiii
Tribus miraculis	Concepit virgo	Beata mater	In omnibus	Langres or Troyes
--	Ab initio	--	--	Liège (Compline, Cap.Beata es maria)
--	Ab initio	--	Et radicavi	Morimond (Cistercian)
--	Ab initio	--	Quasi cedrus	Antwerp
--	Ego sapientia	--	Et radicavi	Autun
--	Virgo verbo	--	Felix namque (In Vespers, Pss.109, 112, 115, 147)	Meaux

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